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/* ----------------------------------------------------------
* 文件名称：WinFormGray.cs
* 作者：秦建辉
*
* QQ：36748897
*
* 博客：http://www.firstsolver.com/wordpress/
*
* 开发环境：
* Visual Studio V2012
* .NET Framework 4.5
*
* 版本历史：
* V1.1 2013年05月17日
* 将WPF版本修改为WinForm版本
*
* V1.0 2012年04月16日
* 基于WPF的图像灰度化
------------------------------------------------------------ */
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Splash.Imaging
{
/// <summary>
/// WinForm：图像的灰度化
/// </summary>
public static partial class ImageUtils
{
/// <summary>
/// 将位图转换为彩色数组
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bmp">原始位图</param>
/// <returns>彩色数组</returns>
public static Color[,] ToColorArray(this Bitmap bmp)
{
Int32 PixelHeight = bmp.Height; // 图像高度
Int32 PixelWidth = bmp.Width; // 图像宽度
Int32[] Pixels = new Int32[PixelHeight * PixelWidth];
// 锁定位图到系统内存
BitmapData bmpData = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, PixelWidth, PixelHeight), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
Marshal.Copy(bmpData.Scan0, Pixels, 0, Pixels.Length); // 从非托管内存拷贝数据到托管内存
bmp.UnlockBits(bmpData); // 从系统内存解锁位图
// 将像素数据转换为彩色数组
Color[,] ColorArray = new Color[PixelHeight, PixelWidth];
for (Int32 i = 0; i < PixelHeight; i++)
{
for (Int32 j = 0; j < PixelWidth; j++)
{
ColorArray[i, j] = Color.FromArgb(Pixels[i * PixelWidth + j]);
}
}
return ColorArray;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将位图转换为灰度数组（256级灰度）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bmp">原始位图</param>
/// <returns>灰度数组</returns>
public static Byte[,] ToGrayArray(this Bitmap bmp)
{
Int32 PixelHeight = bmp.Height; // 图像高度
Int32 PixelWidth = bmp.Width; // 图像宽度
Int32 Stride = ((PixelWidth * 3 + 3) >> 2) << 2; // 跨距宽度
Byte[] Pixels = new Byte[PixelHeight * Stride];
// 锁定位图到系统内存
BitmapData bmpData = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, PixelWidth, PixelHeight), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
Marshal.Copy(bmpData.Scan0, Pixels, 0, Pixels.Length); // 从非托管内存拷贝数据到托管内存
bmp.UnlockBits(bmpData); // 从系统内存解锁位图
// 将像素数据转换为灰度数组
Byte[,] GrayArray = new Byte[PixelHeight, PixelWidth];
for (Int32 i = 0; i < PixelHeight; i++)
{
Int32 Index = i * Stride;
for (Int32 j = 0; j < PixelWidth; j++)
{
GrayArray[i, j] = Convert.ToByte((Pixels[Index + 2] * 19595 + Pixels[Index + 1] * 38469 + Pixels[Index] * 7471 + 32768) >> 16);
Index += 3;
}
}
return GrayArray;
}
/// <summary>
/// 位图灰度化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bmp">原始位图</param>
/// <returns>灰度位图</returns>
public static Bitmap ToGrayBitmap(this Bitmap bmp)
{
Int32 PixelHeight = bmp.Height; // 图像高度
Int32 PixelWidth = bmp.Width; // 图像宽度
Int32 Stride = ((PixelWidth * 3 + 3) >> 2) << 2; // 跨距宽度
Byte[] Pixels = new Byte[PixelHeight * Stride];
// 锁定位图到系统内存
BitmapData bmpData = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, PixelWidth, PixelHeight), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
Marshal.Copy(bmpData.Scan0, Pixels, 0, Pixels.Length); // 从非托管内存拷贝数据到托管内存
bmp.UnlockBits(bmpData); // 从系统内存解锁位图
// 将像素数据转换为灰度数据
Int32 GrayStride = ((PixelWidth + 3) >> 2) << 2;
Byte[] GrayPixels = new Byte[PixelHeight * GrayStride];
for (Int32 i = 0; i < PixelHeight; i++)
{
Int32 Index = i * Stride;
Int32 GrayIndex = i * GrayStride;
for (Int32 j = 0; j < PixelWidth; j++)
{
GrayPixels[GrayIndex++] = Convert.ToByte((Pixels[Index + 2] * 19595 + Pixels[Index + 1] * 38469 + Pixels[Index] * 7471 + 32768) >> 16);
Index += 3;
}
}
// 创建灰度图像
Bitmap GrayBmp = new Bitmap(PixelWidth, PixelHeight, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed);
// 设置调色表
ColorPalette cp = GrayBmp.Palette;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) cp.Entries[i] = Color.FromArgb(i, i, i);
GrayBmp.Palette = cp;
// 设置位图图像特性
BitmapData GrayBmpData = GrayBmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, PixelWidth, PixelHeight), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed);
Marshal.Copy(GrayPixels, 0, GrayBmpData.Scan0, GrayPixels.Length);
GrayBmp.UnlockBits(GrayBmpData);
return GrayBmp;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将灰度数组转换为灰度图像（256级灰度）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="grayArray">灰度数组</param>
/// <returns>灰度图像</returns>
public static Bitmap GrayArrayToGrayBitmap(Byte[,] grayArray)
{ // 将灰度数组转换为灰度数据
Int32 PixelHeight = grayArray.GetLength(0); // 图像高度
Int32 PixelWidth = grayArray.GetLength(1); // 图像宽度
Int32 Stride = ((PixelWidth + 3) >> 2) << 2; // 跨距宽度
Byte[] Pixels = new Byte[PixelHeight * Stride];
for (Int32 i = 0; i < PixelHeight; i++)
{
Int32 Index = i * Stride;
for (Int32 j = 0; j < PixelWidth; j++)
{
Pixels[Index++] = grayArray[i, j];
}
}
// 创建灰度图像
Bitmap GrayBmp = new Bitmap(PixelWidth, PixelHeight, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed);
// 设置调色表
ColorPalette cp = GrayBmp.Palette;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) cp.Entries[i] = Color.FromArgb(i, i, i);
GrayBmp.Palette = cp;
// 设置位图图像特性
BitmapData GrayBmpData = GrayBmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, PixelWidth, PixelHeight), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed);
Marshal.Copy(Pixels, 0, GrayBmpData.Scan0, Pixels.Length);
GrayBmp.UnlockBits(GrayBmpData);
return GrayBmp;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将二值化数组转换为二值化图像
/// </summary>
/// <param name="binaryArray">二值化数组</param>
/// <returns>二值化图像</returns>
public static Bitmap BinaryArrayToBinaryBitmap(Byte[,] binaryArray)
{ // 将二值化数组转换为二值化数据
Int32 PixelHeight = binaryArray.GetLength(0);
Int32 PixelWidth = binaryArray.GetLength(1);
Int32 Stride = ((PixelWidth + 31) >> 5) << 2;
Byte[] Pixels = new Byte[PixelHeight * Stride];
for (Int32 i = 0; i < PixelHeight; i++)
{
Int32 Base = i * Stride;
for (Int32 j = 0; j < PixelWidth; j++)
{
if (binaryArray[i, j] != 0)
{
Pixels[Base + (j >> 3)] |= Convert.ToByte(0x80 >> (j & 0x7));
}
}
}
// 创建黑白图像
Bitmap BinaryBmp = new Bitmap(PixelWidth, PixelHeight, PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed);
// 设置调色表
ColorPalette cp = BinaryBmp.Palette;
cp.Entries[0] = Color.Black; // 黑色
cp.Entries[1] = Color.White; // 白色
BinaryBmp.Palette = cp;
// 设置位图图像特性
BitmapData BinaryBmpData = BinaryBmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, PixelWidth, PixelHeight), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed);
Marshal.Copy(Pixels, 0, BinaryBmpData.Scan0, Pixels.Length);
BinaryBmp.UnlockBits(BinaryBmpData);
return BinaryBmp;
}
}
}