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源代码：
IDCardReader.cs
/* ----------------------------------------------------------
* 文件名称：IDCardReader.cs
*
* 作者：秦建辉
*
* 微信：splashcn
*
* 博客：http://www.firstsolver.com/wordpress/
*
* 开发环境：
* Visual Studio V2015
* .NET Framework 4 Client Profile
*
* 版本历史：
* V1.1 2017年09月13日
* 修正一处Bug
*
* V1.0 2016年06月29日
* 二代身份证阅读器抽象类
------------------------------------------------------------ */
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace Com.FirstSolver.CardReader
{
/// <summary>
/// 二代身份证阅读器抽象类
/// </summary>
public abstract class IDCardReader : IDisposable
{
// 存储文件名
protected const string CHMsgFileName = "wz.txt"; // 文字信息文件
protected const string PHMsgFileName = "zp.wlt"; // 加密照片信息
protected const string PhotoFileName = "zp.bmp"; // 照片信息文件
/// <summary>
/// 委托声明
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">事件发送者，为 IDCardReader 对象</param>
/// <param name="e">事件参数</param>
public delegate void ReadCardCompleted(object sender, ReadCardCompletedEventArgs e);
/// <summary>
/// 读卡结束事件
/// </summary>
public event ReadCardCompleted OnReadCardCompleted;
/// <summary>
/// 同步控制身份证读卡器
/// </summary>
public ManualResetEvent ExternalSyncEvent = null;
/// <summary>
/// 是否处于扫描状态
/// </summary>
protected volatile bool InnerIsAlive = false;
public bool IsAlive { get { return InnerIsAlive; } }
/// <summary>
/// 端口号，有效的端口范围为[1001,1016]
/// </summary>
protected int InnerPort = -1;
public int Port { get { return InnerPort; } }
/// <summary>
/// 是否停止读取身份证
/// </summary>
private volatile bool shouldStop = false;
/// <summary>
/// 追踪Dispose是否已被调用
/// </summary>
private bool disposed = false;
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
public IDCardReader()
{
if (!Initialize()) throw new Exception("找不到身份证读卡器！");
}
/// <summary>
/// 自动检测身份证读卡器并初始化
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// true：成功
/// false：失败
/// </returns>
protected abstract bool Initialize();
/// <summary>
/// 释放托管资源和非托管资源，等同于Dispose()
/// </summary>
public void Close()
{
Dispose();
}
/// <summary>
/// 释放托管资源和非托管资源
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// 如果disposing为true，则释放托管资源和非托管资源，否则只释放非托管资源
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">是否释放托管资源</param>
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
// 释放托管资源
}
// 停止身份证扫描服务
if (IsAlive) Stop();
// 关闭端口
if (InnerPort != -1)
{
CloseComm();
}
disposed = true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭阅读器
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// 0：成功
/// -1：失败
/// </returns>
protected abstract int CloseComm();
/// <summary>
/// 开启身份证扫描
/// </summary>
/// <param name="wanted">需要的生物特征数据</param>
/// <returns>
/// 0：读卡服务启动成功
/// 1：读卡服务已经启动
/// -1：读卡服务启动失败
/// </returns>
public int Start(IDCardBiometrics wanted = IDCardBiometrics.None)
{
if (InnerIsAlive)
{ // 服务已经启动
return 1;
}
else
{
shouldStop = false;
bool isOK = ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(CardReaderCallback, wanted);
if (isOK) return 0; else return -1;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 停止读卡
/// </summary>
public void Stop()
{
shouldStop = true;
if (ExternalSyncEvent != null) ExternalSyncEvent.Set();
}
/// <summary>
/// 线程池回调方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="state">回调方法要使用的信息对象</param>
private void CardReaderCallback(Object state)
{
InnerIsAlive = true;
try
{
// 读取身份证
while (true)
{
if (shouldStop) break;
// 等待外部同步信号
if (ExternalSyncEvent != null)
{
ExternalSyncEvent.WaitOne();
if (shouldStop) break;
}
// 验证卡
if (Authenticate() >= 0)
{ // 读基本信息
if (ReadContent() >= 0)
{ // 存储身份证信息
ReadCardCompletedEventArgs Args = new ReadCardCompletedEventArgs();
if (File.Exists(CHMsgFileName))
{ // 文字信息
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(CHMsgFileName, Encoding.Unicode, true))
{ // 提取数据
Retrieve(sr.ReadToEnd(), Args);
}
}
// 照片信息
if (((IDCardBiometrics)state & IDCardBiometrics.Photo) == IDCardBiometrics.Photo)
{
if (File.Exists(PhotoFileName))
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(PhotoFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
Args.Photo = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(Args.Photo, 0, (int)fs.Length);
}
}
}
// 关闭读卡操作，等待下次信号
if (ExternalSyncEvent != null)
{
ExternalSyncEvent.Reset();
if (shouldStop) break;
}
// 处理读卡结束事件
if (OnReadCardCompleted != null)
{
OnReadCardCompleted(this, Args);
}
}
}
} // End While
}
catch(Exception exception)
{
// 阻止异常抛出
}
finally
{
InnerIsAlive = false;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 验证卡
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// >=0：验卡成功
/// </returns>
protected abstract int Authenticate();
/// <summary>
/// 读卡基本信息
/// </summary>
/// <returns>
/// >=0：成功
/// </returns>
protected abstract int ReadContent();
private void Retrieve(string content, ReadCardCompletedEventArgs e)
{
// 提取姓名
e.Name = content.Substring(0, 15).Trim();
// 提取性别
e.Gender = (content[15] == '1') ? "男" : "女";
// 提取民族编码和民族名称
e.EthnicCode = content.Substring(16, 2);
e.EthnicName = Ethnics.Contains(e.EthnicCode) ? (string)Ethnics[e.EthnicCode] : string.Empty;
// 获取出生日期
e.Birth = DateTime.ParseExact(content.Substring(18, 8), "yyyyMMdd", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
// 获取住址
e.Address = content.Substring(26, 35).Trim();
// 获取身份证编码
e.IDC = content.Substring(61, 18).Trim();
// 获取签发机关
e.IssuingAuthority = content.Substring(79, 15).Trim();
// 获取有效期限开始日期
e.ValidDateStart = DateTime.ParseExact(content.Substring(94, 8), "yyyyMMdd", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).ToString("yyyy.MM.dd");
// 获取有限期限截止日期
if (content.Substring(102, 2).Equals("长期"))
{
e.ValidDateEnd = "长期";
}
else
{
e.ValidDateEnd = DateTime.ParseExact(content.Substring(102, 8), "yyyyMMdd", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).ToString("yyyy.MM.dd");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 验证身份证号码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="IDC">要验证的身份证号码</param>
/// <param name="Gender">性别 0：不校验 1：男性 2：女性</param>
/// <returns>
/// true：号码校验通过
/// false：号码校验失败
/// </returns>
/// <remarks>
/// 参考资料：http://baike.baidu.com/view/5112521.htm
/// 身份证最后一位是根据前面十七位数字码，按照ISO 7064:1983.MOD 11-2校验码计算出来的
/// 第17位，奇数表示男性，偶数表示女性
/// </remarks>
public static bool VerifyIdCardNumber(string IDC, int Gender = 0)
{
const int LENGTH = 18; // 身份证号码长度18位
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(IDC) || IDC.Length != LENGTH) return false;
try
{
// 检测月份 1～12
int Month = Convert.ToInt32(IDC.Substring(10, 2));
if (Month < 1 || Month > 12) return false;
// 检测日期 1～31
int Day = Convert.ToInt32(IDC.Substring(12, 2));
if (Day < 1 || Day > 31) return false;
// 判断性别
if (Gender == 1)
{ // 男性，奇数为男
if (Convert.ToInt32(IDC.Substring(16, 1)) % 2 == 0) return false;
}
else if (Gender == 2)
{ // 女性，偶数为女
if (Convert.ToInt32(IDC.Substring(16, 1)) % 2 != 0) return false;
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
// 验证末位的校验码
byte[] Weight = { 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2 };
int Sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH - 1; i++)
{
char ch = IDC[i];
if (!Char.IsDigit(ch)) return false; // 是否为数字字符
Sum += (ch - '0') * Weight[i];
}
int Remainder = Sum % 11;
if (Remainder == 2)
{
return Char.ToLower(IDC[LENGTH - 1]).Equals('x');
}
else
{
return (IDC[LENGTH - 1] - '0') == ((12 - Remainder) % 11);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 对身份证号码最后一位进行纠错，并返回正确的身份证号码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="IDC">要纠错的身份证号码</param>
/// <returns>纠错后的身份证号码</returns>
public static string CorrectIDC(string IDC)
{
const int LENGTH = 18; // 身份证号码长度18位
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(IDC) || IDC.Length != LENGTH) return null;
// 验证末位的校验码
byte[] Weight = { 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2 };
int Sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH - 1; i++)
{
char ch = IDC[i];
if (!Char.IsDigit(ch)) return null; // 是否为数字字符
Sum += (ch - '0') * Weight[i];
}
int Remainder = Sum % 11;
if (Remainder == 2)
{
return IDC.Substring(0, 17) + "X";
}
else
{
return IDC.Substring(0, 17) + ((12 - Remainder) % 11).ToString();
}
}
#region Ethnic
/// <summary>
/// 民族编号对照表
/// </summary>
public static readonly SortedList Ethnics = new SortedList() {
{"01", "汉族"},
{"02", "蒙古族"},
{"03", "回族"},
{"04", "藏族"},
{"05", "维吾尔族"},
{"06", "苗族"},
{"07", "彝族"},
{"08", "壮族"},
{"09", "布依族"},
{"10", "朝鲜族"},
{"11", "满族"},
{"12", "侗族"},
{"13", "瑶族"},
{"14", "白族"},
{"15", "土家族"},
{"16", "哈尼族"},
{"17", "哈萨克族"},
{"18", "傣族"},
{"19", "黎族"},
{"20", "傈僳族"},
{"21", "佤族"},
{"22", "畲族"},
{"23", "高山族"},
{"24", "拉祜族"},
{"25", "水族"},
{"26", "东乡族"},
{"27", "纳西族"},
{"28", "景颇族"},
{"29", "柯尔克孜族"},
{"30", "土族"},
{"31", "达翰尔族"},
{"32", "仫佬族"},
{"33", "羌族"},
{"34", "布朗族"},
{"35", "撒拉族"},
{"36", "毛南族"},
{"37", "仡佬族"},
{"38", "锡伯族"},
{"39", "阿昌族"},
{"40", "普米族"},
{"41", "塔吉克族"},
{"42", "怒族"},
{"43", "乌孜别克族"},
{"44", "俄罗斯族"},
{"45", "鄂温克族"},
{"46", "德昂族"},
{"47", "保安族"},
{"48", "裕固族"},
{"49", "京族"},
{"50", "塔塔尔族"},
{"51", "独龙族"},
{"52", "鄂伦春族"},
{"53", "赫哲族"},
{"54", "门巴族"},
{"55", "珞巴族"},
{"56", "基诺族"},
{"81", "穿青人"},
{"97", "其他"},
{"98", "外国血统中国籍人士"}
};
#endregion
}
}
IDCardBiometrics.cs
using System;
namespace Com.FirstSolver.CardReader
{
/// <summary>
/// 身份证生物特征属性
/// </summary>
[Flags]
public enum IDCardBiometrics : uint
{
/// <summary>
/// 不需要生物特征属性
/// </summary>
None = 0,
/// <summary>
/// 需要获取照片数据
/// </summary>
Photo = 1,
/// <summary>
/// 需要获取指纹数据
/// </summary>
Fingerprint = 2
}
}