C#:StringBuilder和Char[]作为参数类型在平台调用中的差异

StringBuilder和Char[]作为参数类型在平台调用中的差异如下:

  1. StringBuilder不能接收以2个'\0'结尾的多个字符串集合,只能保留第一个字符串,剩余的字符串被舍弃。而Char[]可以获取完整的多个字符串集合。总之,如果接收的字符串中间包含'\0',则StringBuilder只能获取第一个'\0'前的字符,后面的字符被舍弃。
  2. 将结果转换成String类型时,StringBuilder的转换方式为使用自身的成员函数:public overridestring ToString()。Char[]的转换方法必须使用String的构造函数:public String(Char[] value,  int startIndex, int length),而不是简单的:public String(Char[] value),以消除垃圾字符。

示例一:

BOOL GetUserPreferredUILanguages(
  __in       DWORD dwFlags,
  __out      PULONG pulNumLanguages,
  __out_opt  PZZWSTR pwszLanguagesBuffer,
  __inout    PULONG pcchLanguagesBuffer
);

由于pwszLanguagesBuffer中接收的是以2个'\0'结尾的多个字符串集合,因此应该使用Char[]类型。

        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private static extern Boolean GetUserPreferredUILanguages(
            UInt32 dwFlags,
            out Int32 pulNumLanguages,
            [Out] Char[] pwszLanguagesBuffer,
            ref Int32 pcchLanguagesBuffer
            );

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户偏好的界面语言
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dwFlags">
        ///     MUI_LANGUAGE_ID = 4:语言ID
        ///     MUI_LANGUAGE_NAME = 8:语言名称
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>偏好的语言集合</returns>
        public static String[] GetUserPreferredUILanguages(UInt32 dwFlags = MUI_LANGUAGE_NAME)
        {
            // 计算需要的空间大小
            Int32 NumLanguages;
            Int32 cchLanguagesBuffer = 0;
            if (GetUserPreferredUILanguages(dwFlags, out NumLanguages, null, ref cchLanguagesBuffer))
            {
                if (NumLanguages > 0)
                {   // 获取实际的数据
                    Char[] LanguagesBuffer = new Char[cchLanguagesBuffer];
                    GetUserPreferredUILanguages(dwFlags, out NumLanguages, LanguagesBuffer, ref cchLanguagesBuffer);

                    // 提取所有的语言
                    return new String(LanguagesBuffer).TrimEnd('\0').Split('\0');
                }
            }

            return null;
        }

示例二:

int GetUserDefaultLocaleName(
  __out  LPWSTR lpLocaleName,
  __in   int cchLocaleName
);

使用StringBuilder:

        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private static extern Int32 GetUserDefaultLocaleName([Out] StringBuilder lpLocaleName, Int32 cchLocaleName);

        public const Int32 LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH = 85;

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户缺省本地语言名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>本地语言名称</returns>
        public static String GetUserDefaultLocaleName()
        {
            StringBuilder lpLocaleName = new StringBuilder(LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH);
            if (GetUserDefaultLocaleName(lpLocaleName, LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH) > 0)
            {
                return lpLocaleName.ToString();
            }

            return null;
        }

使用Char[],转换成String类型时需要消除垃圾字符:

        [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private static extern Int32 GetUserDefaultLocaleName([Out] Char[] lpLocaleName, Int32 cchLocaleName);

        public const Int32 LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH = 85;

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户缺省本地语言名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>本地语言名称</returns>
        public static String GetUserDefaultLocaleName()
        {
            Char[] lpLocaleName = new Char[LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH];
            Int32 Length = GetUserDefaultLocaleName(lpLocaleName, LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH);
            if (Length > 0)
            {
                return new String(lpLocaleName, 0, Length - 1);
            }

            return null;
        }

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